Which of the following is NOT a component of explicit promises?

• A. Advertising
• B. Personal selling
• C. Contracts
• D. Price

Answer: (D)

Explicit promises are the definite commitments about what a health service will deliver, stated clearly to the patient. Advertising communicates the service attributes and outcomes to the public, setting expectations. Personal selling involves the salesperson making specific commitments to a patient, such as appointment times or guarantees about service levels. Contracts formalize these promises in a written agreement, detailing what will be provided, when, and under what terms. Price, while crucial to the transaction, does not describe a promise about the service’s performance or delivery; it states cost rather than what the service will achieve. So price isn’t part of explicit promises.